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Quantum Model

Bloch integrates quantum operations with classical control. Qubits are first-class values with dedicated built-ins and measurement/reset primitives.

Qubits​

qubit q;        // allocates a new simulated qubit
qubit[2] qreg;  // allocates a 2-qubit register

qubit values are opaque handles into the simulator state. Indexing a qubit[] array yields a qubit element.

Measurement and reset​

  • measure q; (statement) collapses the state and records a classical outcome.
  • bit b = measure q; (expression) returns the result as 0b or 1b.
  • reset q; reinitialises a qubit to |0> and clears the last-measurement tracker.

Built-in gates​

These map directly to the simulator and to OpenQASM emission:

  • Single-qubit: h(q), x(q), y(q), z(q)
  • Rotations: rx(q, theta), ry(q, theta), rz(q, theta) where theta: float
  • Two-qubit: cx(control, target)

@quantum functions​

Mark functions that perform quantum work with @quantum. They must return bit or void.

@quantum
function bell(qubit a, qubit b) -> void {
  h(a); cx(a, b);
}

When a @quantum function returns a bit, the runtime also retains measurements in a per-call trace, useful for testing.

@tracked statistics​

@tracked on a qubit/qubit[] records outcomes at scope exit:

function main() -> void {
  @tracked qubit[2] q;
  h(q[0]); cx(q[0], q[1]);
  measure q[0]; measure q[1];
}

Run with --shots=N to aggregate an outcome table (e.g., 00, 11, ?).